Power-changing mechanism.



, R; SYMMONDS, JR. POWER CHANGING MECHANISM.

PATENTED JULY 28, 1908.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.14. i905.

' ZSHBETS-SHBET 1.

YATENTED JULY 28, 1908 No. 894,473. I

R. SYMMONDS, JR. POWER CHANGING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 14,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A I y llllllllllllll sans rarer FFICE.

- ROBERT SYMMONDS, m,- F KENOSHA', WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR To THOMAS B.JEFFERY,

OF KEN OSHA, WISCONSIN.

rowan-CHANGING MEcnANrsi/rf To all whom it may concemf b Be it known,that vI, ROBERT SYM onDs,

-Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing. at

State ofWisl enosha, county of Kenosha,

Specification of Letters Patent.

consm, have invented a certain new and usefulllmprovement inPower-Changing Mech-' anism, and, declare the following' to be a full,

clear, and exact description of'the same, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to drawings,

I -may be readily vide a power changing mechanism W to the rear axle ofspeed and powertransmitted from the motor- .sleeve cone-tituting a whichit pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying which-form apart of th1sspeci fication. v s i I Myinvention relatesin general'to power changing mechanism, and morearticularly to differential gearing interposed motor and a drivenelement whereby the latt gmay be rotated at various speeds in onedirection, or in'a reverse direction.

It'is "desirable, especially in automobiles, to so connect the motorwith a driven element, which in turn is operatively connected theautomobile, that the may be varied at the will of the operator,

and .that the direction of rotation of the driven element may bereversed while the motorcontinues-to'run inthe same three: t1on. w j Theprimary ob ect of my invention-1s to provide power changing mechanismfor con to a drlven element, Whlch necting a motor adjusted to inverselyvary the speed and power of rotationof the element or to reverse thedirection of rotation thereof.

,iah willibe simple in construction, inexpensivefin manufacture, andeflicient in operation.

My invention, sists in a shaftrotatively connected to a motor, a flywheel fixed-upon the shaft" and having fixed thereon one member of apair of clutches, an axially movable clutch member loosely surroundingthe shaft and coiipcrating with said fixed clutch member, "a drivenelement loosely supported fiponthe shaft and rigidly-con nected to saidmovable'clutch member, ,a second sleeve 'rotatively mounted on .thefirst sleeve; circularfianges eccentricallv sur-' "to said secondsleeve,

tate withthe driving shaft, a large, an'inter- A further object of myinvention is to pro;

between a generally described, -con-- ally surroundsand is fixed to anThe clutch member B Circular flanges C mediate, and a smallgear wheelfixed together and centric flanges, internal gear Wheels; rota- ,tivelymounted concentrically around said 6O mediate gear wheels, meansforlocking said internal gear wheels against rotation, a third shaft andmeshing with said large and interfixed to and concenii My invention willbe more fullydescribed hereinafter with reference to the accompanyingdrawings in which the same is illustrated as embodied in two convenientand practical forms, and in which,-.

Figure 1 is and Fig. 3 a central sectional view of a modifled embodimentof my invention.

Reference letter A indicates a shaft which is rotated by any suitablepower connections, so

such for instance as a direct connection with the engine of anautomobile. A esignates a fly wheel thehub a. of

which surrounds and is fixed to the shaft A. a designates a clutchmember rigidly c-ars5 ried by the shaft and preferably formed integrallywith the fly wheel A.

. des1gnates a movable clutch member adapted to 006 erate with the fixed'clutch member .a/. C utch member B =sleeVeB which constitutes a drivenelement. y is preferably formed integrally with the sleeve B and is enaged with and disengaged from the fixed c utch 9 5 movement of theleather or other member a. bythe axial sleeve upon the shaft A. Asuitable wearing surface I) surrounds .the movable clutch member toinsure a tighten- Patented July 28, 1908. Application filed December 1%,1905. Serial No. 291,697.

rotatively surrounding said ec- 4 said first sleeve and gear wheel, 65

a central sectional,view; Fig. 2 a cross sectional vlew on line 2 -2Fig. 1;

concentricend of the gagement between the members of the clutch.

- Rotatlvcly mounted upon the sleeve B" a second. sleeve 0 having a diskD projecting radially around the same and secured to the driving-shaft Aby suitable eccentricall surround the sleeve 0.

Rotative y' surrounding Qthe eccentric flanges C and Q are three gear;wl gels'the; 1 10 means, such for. instance asscrew's d extendingthrough the 105. same into engagement'with'the fly wheelA.

and C are fixed to and teeth e which mesh wi the teeth 5/ on thesurrounds the s aft Alggid is provided wit largest G of the three conected gear wheels. The internal gear wheel E is supported by spokes Ewhich carry at their inner ends a hub e rotatively'surrounding theportion (1 of q the sleeve 0.

2o smallest F of the three united gear wheels.

inwardly carry at t H indicates an internal ear wheel concentricallysurrounding the s aft A and having teeth which mesh with the teeth ofthe Theinternal gear wheel H is supported concentrically around theshaft by means of rojecting webs or spokes H which lieir outer endslaterally projecting flanges h h the former of which surrounds theflange e carried by the internal gear wheel E, while the latter flange hsurrounds aflange k carried by an internal gear wheel K theteeth ofwhich mesh with the teeth of the. gear Wheel F which is the intermediatein size of the three united gear Wheels.

"The internal gear K is supported by a hub K which surrounds and islocked to rotate with the driven sleeve B by any suitable means, suchfor instance as a key It. Surrounding the internal gear wheel K is a webK which carries the flan e it, above described,

,and alsd carries a circu ar flange K.

Anysuitable means may be provided for locking the internal gear wheels Eand H against rotation, such for instance as brake I bands Rt and Bsurrounds the circular flange K carried by A similar brake band R theinternal gear wheel K which servsias a brake to retardor stop therotation of the driven element B. The brake bands are of usualconstruction and may be operated to bind around the surrounding surfacesby any well known means (not shown).

Surrounding and fixed upon the sleeve B I is a sprocket wheel her othersuitable power transmitting device by means of which rotary motion iscommunicated to the mechanism which 1s to be driven, such for instanceas the rear axle of an automobile. A key lis shown as the meansfornon-rotatively securing the sprocket wheel upon the sleeve E.

l sleeve. 7' ingthe hub of the disk N is a yoke .m con- N indicates adisk concentrically surrounding the end of the sleeve B and securedthereon through a screw threaded engagement.

a designates a locking ring for securely retaining the disk N upon theend of the Located. adjacent to and surroundnected to and preferablyformed integrally with an oscillating lever M pivoted at m Within theoke m is a lining M of tough metal s ace a art from the inner surface ofthe dis N to orm a race-way in which are located ball bearings 0.

m designates a washer of tough metal located Within the inwardlyextending radial flange of the lining M to assume the wear of the ballbearings. A pair of-collars p and p surroundsthe shaft A a shortdistance from the end of the sleeve B and form a race-way for balls 0interposed between the collars. Any suitable means may be provided forpreventing the axial movement of the collar '2 to the right, such forinstance as a ring 12 iixed upon the shaft. Interposed between the diskN and the collar p is a s ring P the tension of which tends to move t esleeve B and thereby force the clutch B. into engage- {Jnent with thecooperating fixed clutch mainor a; I The operation of my invention is asfollows: The shaft A is rotated through its connection with the motorand with it rotates the flywheel A and fixed clutch member a. When it isdesired to rotate the driven element 3 and with it the mechanismoperatively connected to the sprocket wheel L at the same s eed at whichthe shaft is rotated, the lever is oscillated to the position shown inFig. 1, thereby permitting the spring P to expand and move the sleeve Btowards the left in Fig. 1 and force the movable clutch member B intoengagement with the fixed clutch member a. When it is desired todisconnect the driven mechanism from the driving shaft A so as to permitthe engine to run idly, the lever M is oscillated so as to partiallycompress the s )ring P and disengage the clutch member B from theclutchmember a. When it is desired to rotate the driven element at a slowerspeed'than that at which the driving shaft A rotates, the lemember a.The brake band R is then caused to grip the internal gear wheel E andprevent the rotation thereof. The cc cntric flanges C and (J rotate withthe driving shaft A owing to the connection (if the disk with the flywheel so that the three united gear v wheels are caused to rotate withinthe respective surrounding internal gear whccls. As the number of teethon the largest of the three united gear wheels is less than the numberof teeth on the surrounding internal gear wheel E, during one rotationof the occcntrics with. the driving shaft, the gear wheel G is in clientrotated in a reverse direction a distance corresponding to thedifferonce in the number of tccththercon and number of tooth on thesurrounding internal gear wheel ll. As the gear whccl F is smaller 1than the gcarwhccl (i the engagement of the ver M is oscillated as abovedescribed to disq engage the clutchJnember B from the clutch tated inthe same direction as the rotatidnof teeth thereon with the teeth of thesear/e internal gear wheel'K results in the-latter being rothe drivingshaft, but at a less speed. The rotation of the internal gear wheel K sdirectly comnmnicated to the driven sleeve B and through the sprocketwheel L- fixed thereon. to the rear axle of other mechanism to bedriven. 11)

the automobile or isobvious that the reduction has )eed imparted to thedriven sleeve from the (.riving shaft is in proportion to thedifi'erence in sizesbetween the gearwheel' G and F The nearer the samesize these gear wheels are the slower will be the armed imparted to thedriven shaft. When it is desired to rotate the driven element in areverse direction to that in which the driving shaft are disengagedscribed and the rotates the clutch members brake bandfli caused totightly engage the flange around the internal -the gear Wheel drivenelement.

ternal gear wheels v Fig 3 in which gear wheel H so as to lock thelatter against rotation As the gear wheel F 3 is larger than F whichengages the internal gear wheel H it'is obvious that the rotation of theecoentric'swithin the three united gear;

wheels will result in the internal geai wheel K being rotated in adirection reverse to that in which the driving shaft rotates so that thedriven sleeve and the mechanism connected therewith will be reverselyrotated. Q The ratio of the reverse rotation depends upon the differencein size between the gear wheelsi and F, the greater differbnce in thesize of said gear wheels resulting in greater'reverse speed beingimparted toi the are. in engagement connecting the driven' ele b connectthe clutch. member secured to the I tat-es with the driving shaft, whilethe other clutch member a" I second pair of clutches;

ment directiyto the driving element. This result is accomplished byproviding a second pair of clutches one member of which A is wheel andgionsequentlyro member d is carried bv the sleeve C which.

also carries the eccentrioflanges. In this vcm bodiment of my inventionin order that the driven element may be connected to, the drivingelement through differential mech anism for reducing or reversing thespeed, the lever M is oscillated so as to not only dis- B from themember d with the clutch member A? of the After the members ofthese'condj clutch have been engaged as in the manner above demghinvention a w e wheels within the inthe modified form shown In butengage the clutch,

combination with described," brake band R Ora ated as above described toslow or It is'obvi'ous that in 2 may be actuco'mmumcate reverse speed tothe driven element. this modification of my invention the transmissionmechanism remains "idle when the driven element isdis connected from thedriving element and also when the driven element is directly connected.to th e'driving element.

observed that I transmission gear'm r in which ment may be d rect Fromthe foregoing description it willbe have invented an improved the driveneleconnected to the rotat- Ingpower shaft, in which the "driven elementmay also be connected shaft through gearing, and in may of the rotatingshaft, such ments of the drivenelement fected means.

which the by 'extremel sim 1 It will vbe fii rther p plurality els aresurrounded by wheels one of which is fixed to interposed s eed re beingeasily ef- -to the ower v ucmg r-iven element,

be driven in a reverse direction to that iiieren't movee mechanicalevident that in of united gear internal. gear the driven el'e Q mentwhile the others are adapted to be held against rotation, the unit beingbrought into engagemen rounding internal gear wh ed gear wheels t withthe sur- I eels by means -of 'eocentrlcs rotating with thedrivingelement, the number of theunited gear wheels andconse uently the numberof the internal gear w of different reduced speeds eels being determinedby the number and'number of different reverse speeds desired tobeimgarted to the driven element, it being evient that the reduced andreverse speeds are i dependent upon the sizes of the gear wheelsrelatively to the gear wheel with the internal gear wheel drivenelement.

Havin now fully described hat I c aim as new'and desii Letters Patentis: 1. In a power changing which 006 crates connecte t-o'the myinvention, 'e to secure by mechanism, the combmatlon with a' drivingelement, of a driven elementgan eccentric rotated by the I drlvlngelement, and means interposed between said for rotating thelatter in the'tation'of the driving element or in site direction.

2. Ina power changing combination with a driving driven element,an'ecoentric 1 eccentric and the driven element lirection of roy t eQPPO Zmeohanism, the

element of a otated by the driving element, and means interposed betweensald eccentrlc and said driven element for rotating the latter at less speed than and in the same direction 'as the driving element or inalreverse direction to the driving ele-' ment.

3. In a power changing mechanism, the

sleeve rotatably surroundin eccentric rotatively. surroun 1 a drivingshaft, of a driven said shaft, an

ng said sleeve, 3

' tatingthe latter at less speed than or in a re- I verse direction tothe driving shaft.

5.. In .a power changing mechanism, the combi'nation v with .a drivingelement, of' a driven elemenhan eccentric rotated by the drivingelement, differential power changin meansv inter osed between saideccentric an the driven 'e ement, and means for rotating V c the drivenclement driving element.

6. 1n 'a, ,pow er changing mechanism, the combination with drivingshaft, of a driven sleeve rotatively surrounding said shaft, aneccentric rotativclyv surrounding said sleeve, means forlocking-saideccentric to the drivingsl raft to rotate therewith, powerchangingnterposedhetween said eccentric and said sleeve, a clutch member fixedto the driving shaft, a cooperating clutcl'l 'Inemhcr iixed to thedriven sleeve, and means for moving said sleeve axiallythereby engagingand disengaging said clutchmclnbers."

7, In a power changing mechanism, the f combination. with a'drivingelement, of a driven clement, an eccentric rotatedhy. the drivingelement, a gear wheel rotatively surat the {same speed as the roundingsaid eccentric, an internal gear -40 wheel surrou'mhng and 'mcshmg WltllSItld gear wheel, means for opcratrvely connecting- I saidinternal gearwheel with said d rivcn clemenit, a second gear wheel rotati velysurrounding said eccentric smaller than and united to the iirstgear'wheel, a second inter nal gear wheel surrounding Sfildf oond gear Wheel,and means forloclzing'said' second internal gear wheel against rotation;

' 85in a power changing mechanism, Ithe 5o combination with a drivingclement, eta driven element, an eccentric rotated by the drivingelement,'a gear wheel rotinivclysurrounding said eccentric, an internalgear "wheel surrounding and moshing with said 5-5 gear wheel, means foroucrativcly connecting said internal gear wheel with said drivenclcment, a second gear wheel rotativcly sur- Vrounding said eccentric'smaller than and united. to the first gear wheel, a second interco nalgear wheel surroundingsaid second gcar whccl.,'=' afthird gear wheelrot-atively surrounding, said eccentric larger than and unitedtothe'first gear wheel, athird internal gear wheci surrounding andmeshing with .3 said third gear wheel. and means some sleeverr'itativcly surroundin of united gear wheels of different sizesrotatively surrounding said eccentric, internal gear wheels surroundingand meshing with said united gear wheels, means for operativclyconnecting one of said internal gear wheels with the driven element,-andmeans forseparately locking the other internal gear wheels againstrotation.

-10.' In a powerchanging mechanism, the combination with a drivingshaft, of a driven said shaft, an eccentric rota "vcly surrounding saidsleeve, means for locking said eccentric to the driving element torotate therewith, a plurality of united gear wheels of different sizesrotatively surrounding said eccentric, internal gear wheels sm'roundingand meshing with said united gear wheels, means foroperativclyconnecting one of said internal gear wheels with the driven clement,means for separately locking the other internal gear wheels againstrotation, a clutch member fixed to the drivin shaft, a cooperatingclutch member fixer to the driven sleeve, and means for moving saidsleeve axially thereby engaging and disengaging said clutch members. l

11. lin a power changing mechanism, the combination with a'drivingshaft, of a driven sleeve rotatively surrounding said shaft, aelutclrmember fixed to said shaft, a cooperating clutch member fixcd tothe driven sleeve, means for moving said sleeve axially to engage anddisengage said clutch, members, a. second sleeve rotativel mounted uponsaid first sleeve, means for Kicking said second sleeve to rotate withthe driving shaft, an eccentric surrounding and "fixed to said secondsleeve, a plurality of united gear wheels of different sizes rotativelysurround ing saideccentric, internal gear wheels surrounding and meshingwith said: united gear wheels, means for supporting said inter nal gearwheels concentrically around said driven sleeve, .mcans for operativelconnecting one of said internal gear whee s with the dr'rvensleevc, andmeans for separately locking the othe internal gear wheels against.rotation. v

12. In a power'changing mcchani'smy'the combinationwith a driving shaft,of'b; driven I} shaft, three united gear wheels of different sizeslocated aroundsaid shaft, mternalgear wheels surrounding and meshingwith said united. wheelsgncanS for operativcly connecting theintermediate sized one --of said internal gear wheels with the drivenand cooperating with said and braking devices for controllingfeand :in-

I t element, means for separately locking the other-internal drivingshaft for rotating said united gear surrounding,internalgear wheels,

13. In a pdwerc'hanging mechanism, the combirmtion with a drivmg elementof a driven element coaxial therewith, an eccen trio rotated by thedriving element; a plurality of loose internal gears concentriciwith.

said=driving elernent, a plurality offpinions mounted concentricallywithsaid eccentric mternal; ears,

'ge rwheels againstrotation, and-means act11ated by the wheels withinthe ternalgears p and arranged that upon applying certain of saidbraking devices the driven element is rotated in the same direction asthe drivin 1 element ivhile 'u on applying other ofsai braking devices}in the opposite driving element. y In testimony whereof,

I'sign this spediiica- 'tion in the presence of two witnesses.

.t o 1 ROBERT SYMMONDS IjJ the psirts being so proportioned 5 e drivenelement is rotated '20 directioni relative to the:

